Cyclophosphamide  -  Alkylating  Antineoplastic

  
Manufacturers of Cyclophosphamide injection, an Alkylating Anti-neoplastic medicine

  

 Action :

A pro-drug which has to be activated in the body to active metabolites. Acts on cells at any stage of the cell cycle but the cycle is blocked at G2 (premitotic) stage. This arrest of cell division is brought about by alkylation of the DNA in a dose-dependent manner. Also exerts immunosuppressive effects possibly due to a cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes.

  

 Indication :

Leukaemias, lymphogranulomatosis, lymphosarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma. Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, retinoblastoma, carcinoma of the breast, adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Inoperable solid malignancies. Combination with surgery, radiation and other therapeutic measures. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children.

  

 Pharmaco-Kinetics :

After oral administration it is well absorbed. It is metabolised in liver to active metabolites.

  

 Contraindication :

Bladder haemorrhage, acute urinary tract infection, myelosuppression.

  

 Adverse-Effects :

Nausea, vomiting, visual blurring, facial burning with I.V. administration, teratogenic effect, haemorrhagic cystitis, bone marrow depression, hyponatraemia, sterility, inappropriate secretion of ADH. Alopecia and increased skin pigmentation.

  

 Special Precaution :

Diabetes, elderly, hepatic, cardiac or renal impairment, acute systemic or urinary infections. to stop the drug if leucocyte count is less than 3000/cu.mm. Carcinogenic potential, infection, adequate contraception, previous X-Ray or cytotoxic therapy.

  

 Interactions :

Chloramphenicaol

:

Decreased efficacy of cyclophosphamide due to increase in half-life and decrease in metabolite concenteration, increased risk of bone marrow toxicity.

Thiazide Diuretics

:

Increased efficacy, anti-neoplastic induced leukopenia may be prolonged.

Anticoagulants

:

Increase in anti-coagulant effect.

Digoxin

:

Decreased serum levels of digoxin.

Doxorubicin

:

Doxorubicin induced cardiac toxicity potentiated.

Succinyl choline

:

Neuromuscular blockade prolonged.

Allopurinol

:

Increased risk of bone marrow toxicity.

Phenobarbitone

:

Increased metabolism and leukopenic activity.

Myelotoxic drugs, radiotherapy

:

Serious toxicity.

  

 Dosage :

Malignancy 

:

I.V.

:

40-50mg / kg in div. doses over 2-5 days or 10-15mg/kg every 7-10 days or 3-5mg / kg twice weekly.

Oral

:

Dose ranges from 1-5mg / kg per day.

Minimal change nephrotic syndrome :  2.5-3mg / kg daily orally.

    

 Onset of action :

Maximal beneficial effects not felt for upto 6 weeks. 

  

 Duration of action :

upto several weeks. 

  

 Strength & Packing :

250mg, 500mg, 1g  Injection (single vial per box), 
  50mg  tablet  (10 tablets per box). 

  
*  for the use of a registered Medical practitioner or a Hospital or a Laboratory only.

  

  

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Disclaimer : This guide is provided for information purposes only, and for use of a registered medical practitioner or a hospital or a laboratory only. The authors, webmaster, or respective references / links are no way responsible for the content of the information. Although a concerted effort has been made to ensure the validity of the information contained in this document, we give no assurance for the accuracy of the information in this documents.