Digoxin   -   Cardiac  Glycoside

  

 Action :

Acting as a cardiac tonic digoxin increases the force and speed of systolic contraction of the myocardium, reduces heart rate and reduces conduction velocity through the AV node. At higher doses digoxin increases the central sympathetic outflow. Clinically the actions of digoxin are reflected in increased cardiac output and improvement in symoptoms of congestive failure. Digoxin reduces ventricular rate. In atrial flutter, sinus rhythm is restored. this could also happen with paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT).

  

 Indication :

Congestive cardiac failure. Cardiac dysarrhyth-mias. Paroxysmal supraventri-cular tachycardia.

  

 Pharmaco-Kinetics :

The drug is given orally and absorption is somewhat variable. The absorption depends on the brand used. The variability in absorption is most prominent with tablets of different brands. Digoxin is distributed to most body tissues and high concentration is found in cardiac tissue. digoxin is excreted primarily by the kidney.

  

 Contraindication :

Ventricular tachycardia, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, hyperkalaemia, hypercalcaemia.

  

 Adverse-Effects :

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, fatigue, drowsiness, headache, disorientation, confusion, blurred vision, gynaecomastia, yellow vision, photophobia, ventricular abnormal cardiac rhythms.

  

 Special Precaution :

Hepatic or renal impairment, acute myocardial infarction, thyrotoxicosis.

  

 Interactions :

Serum digoxin levels are increased by : Amiodarone, Anticholinergics, Benzodiazepines, Captopril, Esmolol, Flecainide, Hydroxychloroquine, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Quinine, Nifedipine, Tolbutamide & Verapamil.

  

 Dosage :

Adults

:

Initially :  0.25 - 1.5mg daily. 
Maintenance dose :  0.25 - 0.5mg daily.

Children

:

Initially :  10 - 20mcg / kg body weight 6 hourly. 
Maintenance dose :  10 - 20 mcg / kg body weight daily in single or divided dose.

  

 Onset of action :

PO : 1/2 - 2 hours;  I.V. :  5 - 30 mins.

  

 Duration of action :

Half life 30 - 40 hours;  Anuria : 100 hours.

  

 Strength & Packing :

0.25mg  tablet,  
0.05mg  tablet,  10 tablets per box.

  
*  for the use of a registered Medical practitioner or a Hospital or a Laboratory only.

  

  

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Shree  Ganesh  Pharmaceuticals
Mumbai - India.
  
Web site :  http://www.sgpharma.com             E-mail  :  exports@sgpharma.com

  

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