Chloroquine  Phosphate  -  Anti-malarial / Anti-rheumatoid

  

 Action :

Used for malarial prophylaxis (as a suppressive ) and in managing acute attacks of malaria. Highly active against erythrocytic forms of P. vivax, P. malariae and P. falciparum. Also effective in extra intestinal amoebiasis. In Rh Arthritis chloroquine and more effectively hydroxy chloroquine have a disease-modifying effect.

  

 Indication :

Acute Malaria, prophylaxis of malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, extra-intestinal amoebiasis, giardiasis, discoidlupus erythematosus and infectious mononucleosis.

    

 Pharmaco-Kinetics :

It is well absorbed (about 90%) from gastro intestinal tract. After I.M. injection absorption is rapid. The drug is concentrated in different tissues e.g. spleen, liver, melanin containing tissues. Chloroquine is extensively metabolised in the liver cells mainly to mono-desmethylchloroquine which has some antimalarial activity. Elimination is very slow and it may persist in tissue for months or years after discontinuation of therapy.

    

 Contraindication :

Eye dysfunction, liver disease, severe haematological and GI disease.

  

 Adverse-Effects :

Nausea, epigastric distress, vomiting, itching and headache. Chronic therapy may cause loss of vision due to retinal damage. Corneal opacities may occur but are reversible. Skin rash, photoallergy, myopathy, loss of hearing and graying of hair. Parenteral administration may lead to hypotension and cardiac depression.

  

 Special Precaution :

G6PD deficiency, Peripheral neuropathy, visual field charting is required during prolonged therapy. Irreversible retinal damage has been observed with long-term or high dosages. Injectable form not to be given in children below 5 years.

  

 Interactions :

Antacids

:

Reduced absorption.

Cholinergics

:

Effects of Neostigmine and pyriodostigmine antagonized.

Cimetidine

:

Inhibits metabolism raising plasma levels.

Pyrimethamine, Sulphadoxine

:

May cause Steven-johnsons Syndrome.

Quinacrine

:

Increased toxicity with quinacrine.

Phenylbutazone

:

Predisposes to dermatitis.

Ampicillin

:

Biavailability of ampicillin reduced.

  

 Dosage :

Adults : 

Malaria :
Initially : 600mg, after 6 hours 300mg followed by 300mg daily for 2 days.
Inj. I.M. : after 6 hours 5ml. Followed by 5ml daily for 2 daily.

Hepatic amoebiasis :
Initially : 300mg twice daily for 2 days
Later : 150mg twice daily for 2 - 3 weeks.

  

 Duration of action :

Upto 7 days.

    

 Strength & Packing :

 

  
*  for the use of a registered Medical practitioner or a Hospital or a Laboratory only.

  

  

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Shree  Ganesh  Pharmaceuticals
Mumbai - India.
  
Web site :  http://www.sgpharma.com             E-mail  :  exports@sgpharma.com

  

Disclaimer : This guide is provided for information purposes only, and for use of a registered medical practitioner or a hospital or a laboratory only. The authors, webmaster, or respective references / links are no way responsible for the content of the information. Although a concerted effort has been made to ensure the validity of the information contained in this document, we give no assurance for the accuracy of the information in this documents.