Atropine Sulphate  -  Antimuscarinic

  

 Action :

Atropine is an anticholinergic (parasympatholytic). It competitively blocks the muscarinic receptors in peripheral tissues such as the heart, intestine, bronchial muscle, iris and secretory glands. Some central stimulation may occur. Atropine abolishes bradycardia and reduces heart block due to vagal activity. Smooth muscle in the bronchi and gut is relaxed while glandular secretions are reduced. It also has mydriatic and cycloplegic effect.

  

 Indication :

Pre-operative medication to inhibit secretion and salivation, sinus bradycardia, lessen the degree of atrioventricular block, antidote for organophosphorus poisoning or Choline esters.

  

 Pharmaco-Kinetics :

It is well absorbed from CI tract. It is distributed throughout the body and readily crosses blood brain barrier. It is metabolised in liver and a part of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine.

  

 Contraindication :

Obstructive disease of GI tract, obstructive uropathy, unstable cardiovascular status in acute haemorrhage, intestinal atony of the elderly or  debilitated patient, thyrotoxicosis, tachycardia, hypersensitivity to belladonna alkaloids.

  

 Adverse-Effects :

Dry mouth, decreased sweating, constipation, irritation at injection site, difficulty in swallowing, increased sensitivity to light, confusion, skin rash, orthostatic hypotension, loss of memory, headache, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, palpitation, ataxia.

  

 Special Precaution :

In children with spastic paralysis on brain damage. Prostate hypertrophy, congestive heart failure cardiac arrhythmias, biliary tract disease, chronic lung disease. Heart prostration may occur in hot weather. 

  

 Dosage :

Adults

:

Premedication

:

I.V. :  0.3-0.6 mg immediately before induction of anaesthesia and in incremental doses of 0.1mg for the treatment of bradycardia.

I.M. :  0.3-0.6mg  30-60 mins before induction.

Muscarinic side effects of neostigmine

:

I.V. :  0.6-1.2mg.

Bradycardia

:

I.V. :  0.3-1mg. May be repeated if necessary.

Organophosphrous poisoning

:

2 - 3mg parenterally, repeat until signs of atropine toxicity appear.

Children

:

Premedication

:

0.2mg / kg.

Dose for resucitation of neonates, infants & children : 0.03mg / kg  I.V.

  

 Strength & Packing :

0.6mg / ml, 1ml ampoule,  100 amps. per box.

  
*  for the use of a registered Medical practitioner or a Hospital or a Laboratory only.

  

  

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Shree  Ganesh  Pharmaceuticals
Mumbai - India.
  
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