Ampicillin  -  Amenopenicillin

  

 Action :

Ampicillin exerts bactericidal action on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Its spectrum includes Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic organisms such as staphylococci (non-betalactamase-producing),strep. Pyogenes, strep. Pnuemonias, strep. Viridans, Group B streptococci, strep. Faecalis, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, C.diphtheriae, B.arthracis, Listeria, Clostridium tetani, Cl.perfringens, Cl.botulinum. Ampicillin is Gram-negative organisms: Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisserias, Pasteurella multocida, some strains of E. coli nonbetalactamase-producting proteus mirabillis, salmonella spp., S. typhi., Shigella spp., Brucella spp.,  B. pertussis, Vibrio cholerae, H. influenzae type b,Gardnerella vaginalis, etc. Ampicillin is not active against Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Serratia, Citrobacter, most spp. Of proteus, Yersinia and Pseudomonas. Ampicillin exerts its action by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall.

  

 Indication :

Infection caused by susceptible Gram+ve & Gramve organisms (resp. tract, soft tissue, gonococcal, G.I. and genito-urinary infections), septicaemia, meningitis, chronic bronchitis, otitis media, sinusitis, invasive salmonellosis, cholecystitis.

  

 Pharmaco-Kinetics :

Oral absorption is good but incomplete. It is highly concentrated in bile.

  

 Contraindication :

Hypersensitivity to penicillin.

  

 Adverse-Effects :

Nausea, epigastric distress, diarrhoea, skin rash, drug fever, urticaria. Oral candidiasis.

  

 Special Precaution :

Infectious Mononucleosis.

  

 Interactions :

Oral contraceptives

:

Efficacy reduced, may cause breakthrough bleeding or pregnancy.

Allupurinol

:

Increases risk of ampicillin induced skin rash.

Beta blockers

:

Oral penicillin like ampicillin may reduce bioavailability of atenolol. Also they may potentiate anaphylactic reactions with penicillin.

Probenecid

:

Increases blood levels.

Erythromycin, Tetracycline

:

Reduce efficacy.

Clavulinic Acid

:

Synergy.

Food

:

Interferes with absorption.

  

 Dosage :

Adults 1-2gms. Daily in divided doses every 4-6 hrs.

  

 Duration of action :

4-6 hours.  

    

 Strength & Packing :

 

  
*  for the use of a registered Medical practitioner or a Hospital or a Laboratory only.

  

  

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Shree  Ganesh  Pharmaceuticals
Mumbai - India.
  
Web site :  http://www.sgpharma.com             E-mail  :  exports@sgpharma.com

  

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